Publications

Citizens Advice Scotland (CAS) believes it is more important to get the smart meter rollout right than it is for it to be rushed through to arbitrary deadlines, and we have long been concerned that the 2020 smart meter deadline was so unrealistic that it risked having a negative effect on consumers. In June 2016 we therefore published a report that called for the smart meter rollout to adopt an interim target of 80% smart meter coverage by the end of 2020, with 100% coverage achieved no later than the end of 2025. We reiterated this call in August 2018, and so we welcomed the UK Government’s September 2019 announcement that the smart meter rollout is to be extended to the end of 2024.

This new-found pragmatism provides an opportunity for a review of the targets, incentives and penalties to which energy suppliers will be exposed as the smart meter rollout progresses over the next 5 years. However, it must also be acknowledged that there remain multiple technical barriers to the universal rollout of smart meters, particularly in remote rural areas and for many Scottish households that use traditional electric storage heaters as the primary form of space heating.

These constraints lead CAS to be concerned that consumers reliant on electric heating in Scotland will be among the very last in GB to benefit from the smart meter rollout. Indeed, under current proposals we believe that it would be possible for electricity suppliers to comfortably exceed the proposed post-2020 smart meter targets without a single Scottish consumer with traditional electric heating having benefited from the rollout. This risks placing the costs of maintaining the traditional meter network onto a relatively small customer base, increasing prices for a group of consumers where a majority (52%) already struggle to afford to heat their homes to an acceptable standard.

CAS does not underestimate the significant challenges required to overcome these issues, but we are equally clear that the smart meter policy framework and the regulation of the retail energy market post-2020 must not unfairly burden consumers with additional costs they have no opportunity to avoid. We therefore believe that there may be a need to provide short-term protection for consumers whose ability to access the benefits of smart meters is restricted by the industry's readiness to provide them with suitable metering equipment. We also consider that suppliers could be better encouraged to deliver a market-wide smart meter rollout in all areas of GB if the proposed minimum coverage level were to apply separately in each electricity distribution network area.

While CAS supports proposals to move away from the “all reasonable steps” obligation that currently governs suppliers’ smart meter engagement programs, we are also cautious about the impact of holding suppliers to binding, linear annual targets given the technical barriers referred to above. The Citizens Advice network in Scotland already hears the concerns of consumers who have felt pressured into accepting a smart meter by their energy supplier, and even of instances where attempts to install smart meters have been made by domestic energy supply licence holders that are not the registered supplier at the property concerned. This suggests that while the imposition of installation targets backed by financial penalties for non-compliance may be driving the pace of the smart meter rollout, such targets may adversely impact consumers’ experience of smart meter installation and could jeopardise levels of engagement with the planned transition to a smarter energy future. We believe that suppliers may already be suitably incentivised to encourage their customers to embrace smart meters, and we therefore urge Ofgem to place its post-2020 focus on the enforcement of a high quality customer journey throughout the energy transition.

The Markets and Systems policy team at Citizens Advice Scotland puts consumers at the heart of policy and regulation in the energy, post and water sectors in Scotland. We work with governments, regulators and business to put consumers first, designing policy and practice around their needs.

Our advocacy work is evidence led and we use a combination of independent research and evidence from the Citizens Advice Network in Scotland to speak up for consumers.  

This is CAS's response to the Scottish Government's consultation on the Energy Efficient Scotland programme.

Energy Efficient Scotland (EES) is an ambitious Scottish Government programme which aims to improve the energy efficiency of Scotland’s housing stock over the next 20 years in a bid to reduce carbon emissions and fuel poverty. One of the proposed strands of the programme is the regulation of minimum standards of energy efficiency in both rented and owner occupied domestic properties. This would take the form of mandatory Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) standards to be achieved by respective sectors by a target date. This consultation seeks views on whether the Scottish Government should bring forward the date for all owner occupied homes to be EPC Band C or above by 2030, where technically feasible and cost effective. It also seeks views on the implementation of regulations for the private rented sector.

The accompanying research report summarises the results of an omnibus survey that we commissioned in March 2019. The aim was to: better understand levels of awareness about EPCs; what homeowners are currently doing, if anything, to upgrade the energy efficiency of their homes; what would motivate homeowners to install more energy efficiency measures; and how Scottish homeowners and renters feel about potential regulation of energy efficiency.

This report details the energy issues advised on by the Citizens Advice network in Scotland in 2017-18.
The data shows that of the three main strands of the network, the majority of energy-related advice
in Scotland continues to be provided by Scottish Citizens Advice Bureaux, accounting for 92% of the advice provided
in 2017-18.

This reflects the complementary nature of the Citizens Advice network which in 2017-18 included:

• Citizens Advice Bureaux which primarily provide advice on complex interrelated issues;
• the Extra Help Unit undertakes specialist case work on behalf of vulnerable consumers, often in urgent need of assistance; and
• the Citizens Advice Consumer Service has a statutory remit to deliver first tier advice.

In 2017-18, a total of 41,233 energy issues were advised on across the whole Citizens Advice network in Scotland.

Citizens Advice Scotland has responded to SEPA’s draft water supply and wastewater sector plan.

CAS responded to the UK Parliament's Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee energy efficiency inquiry.

The Citizens Advice Network sought to better understand the day-to-day realities that people in Scotland face when bringing food to the table. In order to achieve this, a survey was launched via both Citizens Advice Bureaux and media platforms (social and traditional). Ultimately, over 2,650 people living in Scotland took the time to complete the survey.

Services that are essential for life, such as water and sewerage, should be affordable for all consumers.  CAS' latest research report takes a closer look at characteristics that may indicate whether or not a household will struggle to pay for water and sewerage charges. It also provides an analysis of various proxies that could be used to determine affordability, and at how additional financial support could be targeted towards households that need it most.

The report found that:

• Income is the most accurate indicator of whether or not a household is likely to find water and sewerage charges affordable.
• 12% of households in Scotland spend more than 3% of their weekly income on their water and sewerage charges although not all receive additional financial support through available affordability mechanisms.
• The current proxy used to provide financial relief, based on households being in receipt of Council Tax Reduction, is the most effective one that exists however, difficulties around more closely linking systems and data sets means that some households in need of additional support do not receive it. 
• In the longer term, further research is necessary to identify how support could be more effectively targeted to all households that may struggle to pay.

Citizens Advice Scotland (CAS) has provided feedback on the Scottish Government’s ‘Investing in and paying for your water services from 2021’ consultation.